Ukuze kuzuzwe idizayini enhle ye-PCB, ngaphezu kwesakhiwo somzila sisonke, imithetho yobubanzi bomugqa nesikhala nayo ibalulekile.Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ububanzi bomugqa nesikhala sinquma ukusebenza nokuzinza kwebhodi lesifunda.Ngakho-ke, lesi sihloko sizonikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe semithetho yokuklama evamile yobubanzi bomugqa we-PCB nesikhala.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo zesofthiwe kufanele zimiswe kahle futhi inketho Yokuhlola Umthetho Wokuklama (i-DRC) kufanele inikwe amandla ngaphambi komzila.Kutuswa ukuthi usebenzise igridi engu-5mil ukuze uthole umzila, futhi ngobude obulinganayo igridi engu-1mil ingasethwa ngokusekelwe esimweni.
Imithetho Yobubanzi Bomugqa we-PCB:
1.Umzila kufanele uqale uhlangabezane nekhono lokukhiqiza lemboni.Qinisekisa umenzi wokukhiqiza nekhasimende futhi unqume amandla abo okukhiqiza.Uma kungekho zidingo ezithile ezinikezwa yikhasimende, bheka izifanekiso ze-impedance design ububanzi bomugqa.
2.Izifanekiso ze-Impedance: Ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bebhodi obunikeziwe kanye nezidingo zesendlalelo ezivela kukhasimende, khetha imodeli efanelekile yokuvimbela.Setha ububanzi bomugqa ngokuya kobubanzi obaliwe ngaphakathi kwemodeli ye-impedance.Amanani okuvimbela avamile ahlanganisa u-50Ω onesiphetho esisodwa, umehluko 90Ω, 100Ω, njll. Qaphela ukuthi ingabe isignali ye-antenna engu-50Ω kufanele inake ireferensi yesendlalelo esiseduze.Ukuze uthole izitaki ezijwayelekile zesendlalelo se-PCB njengereferensi ngezansi.
3.Njengoba kuboniswe kumdwebo ongezansi, ububanzi bomugqa kufanele buhlangabezane nezidingo zamandla okuthwala okwamanje.Ngokuvamile, ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho nokucabangela amamajini omzila, idizayini yobubanzi bomugqa wamandla inganqunywa yilezi ziqondiso ezilandelayo: Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa elingu-10°C, elinogqinsi lwethusi elingu-1oz, ububanzi bomugqa ongu-20mil bungasingatha i-overload yamanje engu-1A;ngogqinsi lwethusi elingu-0.5oz, ububanzi bomugqa ongu-40mil bungasingatha umthamo wamanje ogcwele kakhulu ongu-1A.
4. Ngezinjongo zedizayini ezijwayelekile, ububanzi bomugqa kufanele bulawulwe ngaphezu kuka-4mil, obungakwazi ukuhlangabezana namakhono okukhiqiza abakhiqizi abaningi be-PCB.Ngemiklamo lapho isilawuli se-impedance singadingeki (ikakhulukazi amabhodi anezendlalelo ezi-2), ukuklama ububanzi bomugqa ngaphezu kuka-8mil kungasiza ukwehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-PCB.
5. Cabangela ukumiswa kogqinsi lwethusi kongqimba oluhambisanayo kumzila.Thatha ithusi elingu-2oz njengesibonelo, zama ukuklama ububanzi bomugqa ngaphezu kuka-6mil.Ukuqina kwethusi, ububanzi bomugqa buba banzi.Cela izidingo zokukhiqiza zefekthri zamadizayini okujiya ithusi okungajwayelekile.
6. Ngemiklamo ye-BGA enezingqimba ezingu-0.5mm no-0.65mm, ububanzi bomugqa ongu-3.5mil bungasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezithile (zingalawulwa ngemithetho yokuklama).
7. Imiklamo yebhodi ye-HDI ingasebenzisa ububanzi bomugqa ongu-3mil.Ngemiklamo enobubanzi bomugqa obungaphansi kuka-3mil, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa amandla okukhiqiza efektri nekhasimende, njengoba abanye abakhiqizi bekwazi kuphela ububanzi bemigqa engu-2mil (bangalawulwa ngemithetho yokuklama).Ububanzi bemigqa emincane bandisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi banwebe umjikelezo wokukhiqiza.
8. Amasignali e-analogi (njengamasiginali omsindo nevidiyo) kufanele aklanywe ngemigqa emikhulu, ngokuvamile eba ngu-15mil.Uma isikhala sinomkhawulo, ububanzi bomugqa kufanele bulawuleke ngaphezu kuka-8mil.
9. Amasiginali e-RF kufanele aphathwe ngemigqa ewugqinsi, kubhekiselwa kuzindlalelo eziseduze kanye nokuvinjwa kokulawulwa kokuthi 50Ω.Amasignali e-RF kufanele acutshungulwe ezingqimbeni ezingaphandle, kugwenywe izendlalelo zangaphakathi futhi kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwe-vias noma izinguquko zongqimba.Amasignali e-RF kufanele azungezwe yindiza ephansi, ungqimba lwereferensi okungcono kube ithusi le-GND.
PCB Wiring Line Isikhala Imithetho
1. Izintambo kufanele ziqale zihlangabezane namandla okucutshungulwa kwefekthri, futhi isikhala solayini kufanele sihlangabezane nekhono lokukhiqiza lefekthri, ngokuvamile elilawulwa ku-4 mil noma ngaphezulu.Emadizayini e-BGA anezikhala ezingu-0.5mm noma ezingu-0.65mm, isikhala somugqa esingu-3.5 mil singasetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo.Imiklamo ye-HDI ingakhetha ukuhlukaniswa komugqa okungu-3 mil.Imiklamo engaphansi kwe-3 mil kufanele iqinisekise amandla okukhiqiza emboni yokukhiqiza nekhasimende.Abanye abakhiqizi banamandla okukhiqiza angu-2 mil (alawulwa ezindaweni ezithile zokuklama).
2. Ngaphambi kokuklama umthetho wokuhlukanisa umugqa, cabangela imfuneko yokuqina kwethusi yomklamo.Ku-1 ounce yethusi zama ukugcina ibanga elingu-4 mil noma ngaphezulu, kanye nama-ounce angu-2 ethusi, zama ukugcina ibanga elingu-6 mil noma ngaphezulu.
3. Idizayini yebanga yamapheya esignali ehlukile kufanele isethwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo ze-impedance ukuze kuqinisekiswe isikhala esifanele.
4. Izintambo kufanele zigcinwe kude nohlaka lwebhodi futhi uzame ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifreyimu yebhodi ingaba ne-ground (GND) vias.Gcina ibanga phakathi kwamasignali namaphethelo ebhodi ngaphezu kwama-40 mil.
5. Isignali yesendlalelo samandla kufanele ibe nebanga okungenani elingu-10 mil ukusuka kusendlalelo se-GND.Ibanga phakathi kwamandla namandla izindiza zethusi kufanele kube okungenani 10 mil.Kwamanye ama-IC (afana nama-BGA) anezikhala ezincane, ibanga lingalungiswa ngokufanelekile libe ubuncane obungu-6 mil (ukulawulwa ezindaweni ezithile zokuklama).
6.Amasiginali abalulekile njengamawashi, umehluko, namasignali e-analogi kufanele abe nebanga eliphindwe ka-3 ububanzi (3W) noma azungezwe izindiza ezingaphansi (GND).Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa kufanele ligcinwe izikhathi ezi-3 ububanzi bomugqa ukuze kuncishiswe i-crosstalk.Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwezikhungo zemigqa emibili lingekho ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezi-3 ububanzi bomugqa, lingagcina i-70% yenkambu kagesi phakathi kwemigqa ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa, eyaziwa ngokuthi isimiso se-3W.
7.Izimpawu zongqimba eziseduze kufanele zigweme izintambo ezihambisanayo.Isiqondiso somzila kufanele sakhe isakhiwo se-orthogonal ukuze kuncishiswe i-interlayer crosstalk engadingekile.
8. Uma uhambisa ungqimba olungaphezulu, gcina ibanga okungenani elingu-1mm ukusuka emigodini efakwayo ukuze uvimbele amasekhethi amafushane noma ukuklebhuka kolayini ngenxa yengcindezi yokufaka.Indawo ezungeze izimbobo zezikulufu kufanele igcinwe icacile.
9. Uma uhlukanisa izingqimba zamandla, gwema ukuhlukana okuyizicucu ngokweqile.Endizeni eyodwa yamandla, zama ukuthi ungabi namasiginali wamandla angaphezu kuka-5, okungcono kakhulu phakathi kwamasignali amandla angu-3, ukuze uqinisekise umthamo wamanje wokuthwala futhi ugweme ingozi yokuwela indiza ehlukanisiwe yezendlalelo eziseduze.
I-10.Ukuhlukaniswa kwendiza yamandla kufanele kugcinwe njalo ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokwehlukana okude noma okumise okwe-dumbbell, ukugwema izimo lapho iziphetho zinkulu futhi phakathi kuncane.Umthamo wamanje wokuthwala kufanele ubalwe ngokusekelwe kububanzi obuncane kakhulu bendiza yethusi yamandla.
I-Shenzhen ANKE PCB Co., LTD
2023-9-16
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-19-2023
