Onjiniyela bakagesi bavame ukubhekana nenkinga yokuthola inani elifanele lezingqimba zeIdizayini ye-PCB. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izingqimba eziningi noma izingqimba ezimbalwa? Usenza kanjani isinqumo ngenombolo yezendlalelo se-PCB?
1.Yini ungqimba we-PCB?
Izingqimba ze-PCB zibhekisela ezingxenyeni zethusi ezihlaselwe yi-substrate. Ngaphandle kwaAma-PCB angqimba olulodwaLokho kube nesendlalelo sethusi esisodwa kuphela, wonke ama-PCB anezingqimba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu anenombolo yezendlalelo. Izakhi zithengiselwa ungqimba olungaphandle, kanti ezinye izingqimba zisebenza njengokuxhumeka kwe-wiring. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-PCB aphezulu azophela azoshumeka izingxenye ngaphakathi kwezingqimba zangaphakathi.
Ama-PCB asetshenziselwa ukwenza amadivaysi ahlukahlukene kagesi nemishini ezimbonini ezahlukene, njengeAma-elekthronikhi abathengi, izimoto,ukuxhumana ngocingo, i-aerospace, ezempi kanye nezokwelapha
Izimboni. Inani lezendlalelo nosayizi webhodi elithile linquma amandla futhiokukhiqizaye-PCB. Njengoba inani lezendlalelo likhuphuka, ngakho-ke ukusebenza.
2.Kow ukuthola inani lezendlalelo se-PCB?
Lapho unquma ngenani elifanele lezendlalelo se-PCB, kubalulekile ukubheka izinzuzo zokusebenzisaizingqimba eziningiukuqhathanisa izingqimba ezizodwa noma eziphindwe kabili. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka futhi ukubheka izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ukwakheka okukodwa kwesendlalelo ngqa design. Lezi zinto zingahlaziywa ezinhlosweni ezinhlanu ezilandelayo:
2-1. I-PCB izosetshenziswa kuphi?
Lapho unquma ukucaciswa kwebhodi le-PCB, kubalulekile ukucubungula umshini ohlosiwe noma imishini ye-PCB ezosetshenziswa kuyo, kanye nezidingo ezithile zebhodi lesekethe lemishini enjalo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlonza ukuthi ngabe iBhodi yePCB izosetshenziswa yini ku-posiciated futhi
Imikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-elekthronikhi, noma kwimikhiqizo elula ngokusebenza okuyisisekelo.
2-2. Yikuphi imvamisa esebenzayo edingekayo kwi-PCB?
Udaba lwemvamisa lokusebenza ludinga ukubhekwa lapho kuklanywa i-PCB njengoba le paramitha inquma ukusebenza kanye namandla we-PCB. Ngejubane eliphakeme namandla okusebenza, ama-PC ahlukahlukene aqakathekile.
2-3. Yikuphi isabelomali sephrojekthi?
Ezinye izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe yizindleko zokukhiqiza ezingashadile
kanye nohlobo oluphindwe kabili lwe-PCBs ngokuqhathanisa nama-PCB amahle. Uma ufuna i-PCB enekhono eliphakeme ngangokunokwenzeka, izindleko zizobe ziphakeme kakhulu.
Abanye abantu babuza ngobudlelwano phakathi kwenombolo yezendlalelo ku-PCB nentengo yaso. Ngokuvamile, izingqimba eziningi i-PCB inazo, ziphakeme ngentengo yazo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuklama kanyeUkukhiqizaI-PCB enobungqingili ithatha isikhathi eside ngakho-ke kubiza okuningi. Ishadi elingezansi libonisa izindleko ezijwayelekile zama-PCB ahlukahlukene wabakhiqizi abahlukene abahlukene ngaphansi kwale mibandela elandelayo:
I-PCB Order OREAC: 100;
Usayizi we-PCB: 400mm x 200mm;
Inani lezendlalelo: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10.
Ishadi libonisa intengo ephakathi yama-PCB avela ezinkampanini ezintathu ezahlukene, hhayi kubandakanya izindleko zokuthumela. Izindleko ze-PCB zingahlaziywa kusetshenziswa amawebhusayithi we-PCB Leli shadi linikeza kuphela umbono ojwayelekile wamanani entengo e-PCB aphakathi kwabakhiqizi abathathu, futhi amanani angahluka ngokuya ngenani lezendlalelo. Izindleko zokuthumela azifakiwe. Effective calculators are available online, provided by manufacturers themselves to help customers evaluate the cost of their printed circuits based on different parameters such as conductor type, size, quantity, number of layers, insulation materials, thickness, etc.
2-4. Yisiphi isikhathi esidingekayo sokulethwa kwe-PCB?
Isikhathi sokulethwa sisho isikhathi esithathayo ukukhiqiza nokuhambisa ama-PC / amabili / ama-multilayer. Lapho udinga ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-PCB,isikhathi sokuthumelaidinga ukucatshangelwa. Isikhathi sokulethwa se-PC esizodwa / ephindwe kabili / ye-multilayer siyahlukahluka futhi kuncike ngosayizi wendawo ye-PCB. Vele, uma uzimisele ukuchitha imali eningi, isikhathi sokulethwa singafinyezwa.
2-5. Yikuphi ukuqina nongqimba lwesiginali adinga i-PCB?
Inani lezendlalelo ku-PCB lincike ekunciphiseni kwe-PIN kanye nezendlalelo zesiginali. Isibonelo, ukuncipha kwe-PIN ye-1.0 kudinga izingqimba ezi-2 zesiginali, futhi njengoba ubuningi be-PIN buncipha, inani lezendlalelo ezidingekayo lizokwanda. Uma ubuningi be-PIN bungu-0,2 noma ngaphansi, okungenani izingqimba eziyi-10 zePCB ezidingekayo.
3.Alunga lezendlalelo ze-PCB ezahlukahlukene - ungqimba olulodwa / ungqimba oluphindwe kabili / ungqimba oluningi.
3-1. I-PCB Engqingatha Engayedwa
Ukwakhiwa kwe-PCB enobungqingili kulula, okubandakanya ungqimba olulodwa lwezendlalelo ezicindezelwe nezinenhlonipho zezinto ezisebenza ngogesi. Isendlalelo sokuqala simbozwe ngeplate ye-Copper-clad, bese kufakwa i-solder-ukwenqaba ukumelana. Umdwebo we-PCB engqimba olulodwa uvame ukukhombisa imichilo emithathu enemibala ukumela ungqimba kanye nezendlalelo zalo ezimbili ezimbozayo - grey ye-dielectric ungqimba uqobo, nsundu ngeplate-clad ye-popper, kanye ne-solder-amelana nesendlalelo sokumelana ne-post-chard, kanye ne-solder-amelana nesendlalelo sokumelana ne-popper-where.
Izinzuzo:
● Izindleko zokwenziwa okuphansi, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwe-elekthronikhi yabathengi, enokusebenza kwezindleko eziphakeme.
● Umhlangano wezakhi, ukumba, ukuthengisa, nokufakwa kulula kakhulu, kanyeInqubo yokukhiqizamancane amathuba okuhlangana nezinkinga.
● Komnotho futhi ulungele ukukhiqizwa kwabantu abaningi.
● Ukukhetha okuhle kwemiklamo ye-low-desity.
Izicelo:
● Ama-Calculator ayisisekelo asebenzisa ama-PCB engqimba olulodwa.
● Imisakazo, njengamawashi entengo ye-radio ye-radio ephansi ezitolo ezijwayelekile, ngokuvamile sebenzisa ama-PC engqimba.
● Imishini yekhofi ivame ukusebenzisa ama-PCB angqimba.
● Eminye imisebenzi yasendlini isebenzisa ama-PCB engqimba olulodwa.
3-2. I-PCB enobumba ephindwe kabili
I-PCB ebheke kabili inezendlalelo ezimbili ze-Prost Plating ngesendlalelo esinqunyelwe phakathi.Izingxenyezibekwe ezinhlangothini zombili zeBhodi, yingakho zibizwa nangokuthi i-PCB eseceleni elimbili. Zenziwa ngokuxhuma izingqimba ezimbili zethusi kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-dielectric phakathi, futhi uhlangothi ngalunye lwethusi lungadlulisela amasiginali kagesi ahlukene. Zifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isivinini esikhulu kanye nokupakishwa okuhlangene.
Amasiginali kagesi aqhutshwa phakathi kwezendlalelo ezimbili zethusi, futhi izinto ezibonakalayo eziphakathi kwazo zisiza ukuvikela lezi zimpawu ukuthi ziphazamise omunye komunye. I-PCB enobumba ephindwe kabili iyibhodi yesifunda evame kakhulu futhi enomnotho ukukhiqiza.
Ama-PCB angqingatha aphindwe kabili afana ne-PCBS ye-lingle-ungqimba, kepha abe nesigamu esingezansi esinqunyelwe. Lapho usebenzisa ama-PCB angqimba kabili, ungqimba lwe-dielectric lukhulu kunalena ye-PCBS eyodwa. Ngokwengeziwe, kukhona amaplanethi ethusi ezinhlangothini zombili eziphezulu naphansi zezinto zokudlela ze-dielectric. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phezulu nangaphansi kwebhodi le-laminated kumbozwe ngesendlalelo sokumelana solder.
Umdwebo we-PCB ongqimba oluphindwe kabili ubukeka njenge-sandwich enobuqili emithathu, ephethe ungqimba olumpunga olubanzi ngokumelene ne-dielectric, imivimbo ensundu ezingxenyeni ezingenhla eziphezulu ezimele i-post, nemivimbo eluhlaza ebheke phezulu nangaphansi emelela i-solder ukumelana nokwetha kwesendlalelo somuntu.
Izinzuzo:
● Idizayini eguquguqukayo yenza ilungele amadivayisi ahlukahlukene.
● Ukwakheka okubiza okuphansi okwenza kube lula ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo.
● Idizayini elula.
● Usayizi omncane ulungele imishini ehlukahlukene.
Izicelo:
Ama-PCB engqingatha aphindwe kabili alungele izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamadivayisi we-elekthronikhi alula futhi ayinkimbinkimbi. Izibonelo zemishini ekhiqizwe ngobuningi efaka ama-PCB angenawo ama-PCBs ahlanganisa:
● Amayunithi we-HVAC, ukufudumeza indawo yokuhlala kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezivela kumikhiqizo ehlukahlukene zifaka amabhodi wesifunda abhalwe kabili abhalwe phansi.
● Ama-Amplifiers, ama-PC engqimba angqiwe anama-couble afakwe amayunithi e-amplifier asetshenziswa ngabaculi abaningi.
● Abaphrinta, izimpendulo ezahlukahlukene zekhompyutha zincike kuma-PCB angqimba aphansi.
3-3. I-PCB enobungqingili
I-PCB enobuqili engu-4 iyibhodi yokuphrinta ephrintiwe enezingqimba ezine zokuqhutshwa: Phezulu, izingqimba ezimbili zangaphakathi, kanye ezansi. Zombili izingqimba zangaphakathi ziyi-core, ngokuvamile esetshenziswa njengendiza yamandla noma indawo yomhlabathi, ngenkathi kusetshenziselwa izingqimba eziphezulu nezingaphansi ngokubeka izinto nezimpawu zomzila.
Izendlalelo zangaphandle zivame ukumbozwa nge-soler yokumelana ne-plerser pads eveziwe ukuhlinzeka ngamaphoyinti okufakwayo wokuxhuma amadivaysi afakwe endaweni yangaphandle nezingxenye ze-godi. Ngokusebenzisa-izimbobo ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingqimba ezine, ezihlanjululwe ndawonye ukwakha ibhodi.
Nakhu ukwephulwa kwalezi zingqimba:
- Ungqimba 1: Ungqimba olungezansi, imvamisa eyenziwe ngethusi. Kusebenza njengesisekelo salo lonke ibhodi yokujikeleza, ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa kwezinye izingqimba.
- Ungqimba 2: Ungqimba lwamandla. Ibizwa ngale ndlela ngoba ihlinzeka ngamandla ahlanzekile futhi azinzile kuzo zonke izingxenye ebhodini lesekethe.
- Isendlalelo 3: Ungqimba lwendiza emhlabathini, lusebenza njengomthombo womhlaba wazo zonke izingxenye ebhodini lesekethe.
- Isendlalelo 4: Isendlalelo esiphezulu esisetshenziselwa amasiginali okuhambisa futhi sinikeze amaphuzu okuxhuma kwizakhi.
Ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB enobungqingili, imicengezi engu-4 yethusi ihlukaniswe yizendlalelo ezi-3 ze-dielectric yangaphakathi futhi zivalwe phezulu nangaphansi ngezendlalelo somsindo we-solder. Imvamisa, imithetho yokwakheka kwama-PC-angqimba aboniswa kusetshenziswa umkhondo we-9 nemibala emi-3 - nsundu ngethusi, grey for core and prepreg, kanye nohlaza okotshani
Izinzuzo:
● Ukuqina - ama-PCB amane aqine kakhulu kunamabhodi eyodwa namabhodi angqimba aphindwe kabili.
● ubukhulu obuhlanganisiwe - ukwakhiwa okuncane kwama-PCB angqimba ezine kungalingana namadivayisi ahlukahlukene.
● Ukuvumelana nezimo - ama-PCB amane asebenza ngezinhlobo eziningi zamadivayisi kagesi, kufaka phakathi okulula futhi okuyinkimbinkimbi.
● Ukuphepha - Ngokuvumelanisa kahle ama-Poor Power nezendlalelo zomhlaba, ama-PCB amane angavikela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnete.
● Engasindi - amadivayisi afakwe ama-PCB angqimba ezine adinga i-wiring yangaphakathi, ngakho-ke ngokujwayelekile kukhanya ngesisindo.
Izicelo:
● Izinhlelo ze-Satellite - Ama-PC e-Multi-ungqimba ahlomele ama-satellite ajikelezayo.
● Amadivayisi aphethwe ngesandla - ama-Smartphones kanye namathebulethi ngokuvamile ahlome ngama-PCB angqimba ezine.
● Imishini yokuhlola isikhala
3-4. 6 izingqimba PCB
I-PCB enobungqingili empeleni iyibhodi elingu-4 elinezingqimba ezimbili ezingeziwe ezingezwe phakathi kwezindiza. I-PCB ye-PCB ejwayelekile eyi-6
Ukuhlinzeka ngezingqimba zangaphakathi ezi-2 zamasiginali wejubane eliphezulu kanye nezingqimba zangaphandle ezi-2 zezimpawu zesivinini esiphansi zisiza kakhulu i-EMI (Ukuphazanyiswa Kwe-Electromagnetic). I-EMI ngamandla ezimpawu ngaphakathi kwamadivayisi we-elekthronikhi aphazanyiswe ngemisebe noma yokungeniswa.
Kunamalungiselelo ahlukahlukene okufakwa kwe-PCB ye-6-ungqimba, kepha inani lamandla, isinali, kanye nezendlalelo zomhlabathi ezisetshenzisiwe kuya ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza.
Isendlalelo esijwayelekile se-6PCB StatupKubandakanya ungqimba oluphezulu - I-Prepreg - Ingqimba yangaphakathi yomhlaba - I-Core - Ungqimba lwangaphakathi - Ingqimba yangaphakathi - Ingqimba yangaphakathi
Yize lokhu kungukucushwa okujwayelekile, kungenzeka kungalungele yonke imiklamo ye-PCB, futhi kungahle kudingeke ukuthi ubeke kabusha izingqimba noma unezingqimba ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwama-wiring kanye nokunciphisa i-crosstalk kumele kubhekwe lapho kuzibeka.
Izinzuzo:
● Amandla - ama-PC ayizihloko eziyisithupha aqine kunabandulelayo abanciphisayo ngakho-ke amandla aphezulu.
● Ukuhlanganiswa - Amabhodi anezingqimba eziyisithupha zalobukhulu anamakhono amakhulu obuchwepheshe futhi angadla ububanzi obuncane.
● Amandla aphezulu - ungqimba oluyisithupha noma ama-PCB aphezulu ahlinzeka amandla aphezulu amadivaysi kagesi futhi anciphise kakhulu amathuba we-crosstalk kanye nokuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic.
Izicelo:
● Amakhompiyutha - Ama-PCB-6-Layer asiza ukushayela ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamakhompyutha uqobo, okwenza ukuthi kuhlangene kakhulu, kube lula, futhi kusheshe.
● Ukulondolozwa kwedatha - umthamo ophezulu wama-PCB angqimba ayisithupha wenze amadivayisi okugcina idatha ayanda kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.
● Izinhlelo ze-alamu yomlilo - usebenzisa amabhodi wesifunda ayi-6 noma ngaphezulu, amasistimu we-alamu anembe kakhudlwana ngesikhathi sokuthola ingozi yangempela.
Njengoba inani lezendlalelo ebhodini lesekethe eliphrintiwe likhuphuka ngaphesheya kwesendlalelo sesine nelesithupha, izingqimba zethusi eziqhutshwa kakhulu kanye nezingqimba zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-dielectric zengezwa ku-datatup.
Isibonelo, i-PCB enobungqingili iqukethe izindiza ezine kanye nezingqimba ezine zethusi zesiginali - eziyisishiyagalombili zizonke - zixhunywe ngemigqa eyisikhombisa yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-dielectric. Isitakuphu eyisishiyagalombili sivaliwe nge-dielectric soler mask ungqikithi ngaphezulu nangaphansi. Empeleni, i-PCB ye-PCB ye-PCB eyisishiyagalombili iyafana neletha eziyisithupha, kepha ngekholamu eyengeziwe yethusi nekholamu ye-PrePreg.
UShenzhen Angeke PCB Co, LTD
2023-6-17
Isikhathi sePosi: Jun-26-2023
